Art of the Western World Imperial Stone the Art of Rime Quiz

(50–R): Artists Amy Sherald, Yayoi Kusama and Georgia O'Keefe. Photograph Courtesy: Amy Davis/Baltimore Sun/Tribune News Service/Getty Images; Toshifumi Kitamura/AFP/Getty Images; Tony Vaccaro/Getty Images

If you've e'er taken an fine art history class or spent time in a fine arts museum, chances are you know a lot about the men who "defined" their mediums. As with other subjects, nearly of what we learn about art history today nevertheless centers on white men from Europe and, afterward, the United States. In reality, there are so many more artists of all genders to acquire from and appreciate.

Here, we're specifically taking a look at just some of the women who have had lasting impacts on their art forms. From some of the art world's most iconic pioneers to its most unsung heroes, these women artists all had a hand — and, in some cases, all the same have a hand — in irresolute the world of fine fine art and how nosotros define it.

Laura Wheeler Waring

Laura Wheeler Waring's portraits Anna Washington Derry and Alice Dunbar Nelson. Photos Courtesy: National Portrait Gallery/Wikimedia Eatables

Laura Wheeler Waring was an creative person and educator who taught at Cheyney University in Pennsylvania for more than than thirty years. After studying the work of painters like Cézanne and Monet while away, she returned to the United states of america, becoming best known for her portraits of prominent Black Americans, many of which were painted during the Harlem Renaissance.

Cindy Sherman

Two photographs from Cindy Sherman's Untitled Picture Stills (1977–80). serial. Photos Courtesy: Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)

Lensman Cindy Sherman was office of the Pictures Generation during the 1980s, and is peradventure most well known for her serial of Untitled Film Stills (1977–80) — self-portraits in which Sherman "posed in the guises of various generic female movie characters, among them, ingénue, working girl, vamp, and lonely housewife" (via MoMA). In this series, and those that followed, Sherman used photography to question the media's influence over our individual and collective identities.

Yoko Ono

A yet from the operation Cut Piece, 1964, and a motion-picture show of the installation One-half-A-Room, 1967, as seen at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City in 2015. Photos Courtesy: Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)

You might offset recall of Yoko Ono as a musician and activist, simply she'due south also an accomplished performance and conceptual artist. Ono was considered a pioneer in the performance art movement, earning the nickname the "High Priestess of the Happening".

One of her most revered works, Cut Piece, was a performance she first staged in Nippon; Ono saturday on phase in a nice suit and placed scissors in front of her, and, in an act of daring vulnerability, invited audience members to come up on stage and cut away pieces of her clothing. "Fine art is like breathing for me," Ono has said. "If I don't do it, I get-go to choke."

Betye Saar

Betye Saar'southward Black Girl's Window, 1969 (total and detail). Photos Courtesy: Museum of Mod Art (MoMA)

Earlier condign a printmaker and activist, Betye Saar studied blueprint and was employed as a social worker. A printmaking elective inverse her entire career trajectory — and, in turn, part of the trajectory of art history.

Saar was part of the Black Arts Move in the 1970s and, through painting and assemblage, critiqued institutionalized racism and the racist stereotypes white people held toward Blackness Americans. "To me the trick is to seduce the viewer," Saar has said. "If you tin go the viewer to await at a piece of work of art, then you might exist able to give them some sort of message."

Frida Kahlo

People look at Frida Kahlo's 1939 painting Las Dos Fridas at the Earth Forum of Civilisation in 2007, which was held in Mexico. Photo Courtesy: Alejandro Acosta/AFP/Getty Images

It's rare to find someone who hasn't at least heard of Frida Kahlo. A cocky-taught painter from Mexico, she is best known for exploring themes like death and identity through her self-portraits. Kahlo often used bold, bright colors to create her symbol-rich works, and was regarded as one of the most influential artists of the Surrealist movement.

Yayoi Kusama

A viewer photographs inside the Aftermath of Obliteration of Eternity room during a preview of the Yayoi Kusama's Infinity Mirrors exhibit at the Hirshhorn Museum February 21, 2017 in Washington, D.C. Photograph Courtesy: Brendan Smialowski/AFP/Getty Images

Yayoi Kusama started painting at a very young historic period, simply she'southward as well known for her hyper-real sculptures, polka dots, installations, and and so much more. Like many of her peers, Kusama embraced the counterculture of the 1960s, employing nudity in much of her work. Today, she continues to create works for her indelible Mirror/Infinity rooms series, which use mirrors and lit objects to create a sense of endlessness.

Amy Sherald

Former Showtime Lady Michelle Obama (L) and creative person Amy Sherald (R) unveil Mrs. Obama'due south portrait at the Smithsonian'southward National Portrait Gallery in Washington, D.C. on Feb 12, 2018. Photo by Saul Loeb/AFP/Getty Images

Amy Sherald is an American painter and portraitist who depicts Black Americans, oft doing everyday activities — something that became more mutual in portraiture writ large in the mid-19th century. Odds are that yous recognize Sherald'south work — and her signature grayscale skin tones — every bit she was the first Black woman to complete a presidential portrait for the Smithsonian'due south National Portrait Gallery.

Georgia O'Keeffe

In 1960, Georgia O'Keeffe poses outdoors beside a piece of work from her series, Pelvis Series Cerise With Yellow in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Photo Courtesy: Tony Vaccaro/Getty Images

Known equally the female parent of American modernism, you likely associate Georgia O'Keeffe with her paintings of New Mexico's landscapes, flowers, skulls, and, just maybe, the skyscrapers of New York City. In the 1920s, she was the get-go woman painter to gain the respect of the New York art world, all by painting in her unique style.

Adrian Piper

Adrian Piper wins the Aureate Panthera leo for best artist in Okwui Enwezor's biennial exhibition All the World's Futures, role of the 56th Venice Biennale in 2015. Photo Courtesy: Awakening/Getty Images

Adrian Piper became a pioneering minimalist, feminist, and conceptual artist in 1970s New York City. She used her work to question society, identity, and racial politics by demanding the audience to confront truths about themselves. She often challenged people on the streets of New York to guess her race, socio-economic class, and gender — all while dressed equally a Black man with a false mustache and sunglasses, or while wearing compelling statements on her wearing apparel.

Shirin Neshat

Shirin Neshat's poses in front of a photograph in her exhibition Our Firm Is on Burn at the Robert Rauschenberg Foundation in New York City in 2014. Photo Courtesy: Cem Ozdel/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images

Shirin Neshat left Iran in 1974 to study art in Los Angeles, California — before the Iran Islamic Revolution took place. She is all-time known for her photography, film, and video work, much of which explores the relationship betwixt Islam's cultural and religious systems and women. Moreover, Neshat's works frequently create a sense of solidarity and empowerment.

Jenny Holzer

Jenny Holzer standing in front of her installation at the Guggenheim Museum. Photograph Courtesy: Marianne Barcellona/Getty Images

Every bit a neo-conceptual artist, Jenny Holzer'due south piece of work focuses on words and ideas, which she puts on advertising billboards, projects onto buildings and adds to electronic displays or neon signs.

These works display phrases that act as meditations on various concepts, such every bit trauma, knowledge, and hope. One of her more notable works, I Smell Y'all On My Skin, makes the viewer question what kind of sentiment the sentence conveys.

Rebecca Belmore

Rebecca Belmore'southward Fringe, 2008. Photo Courtesy: Art Gallery of Ontario (AGO)

Much of Rebecca Belmore's art addresses identity and history — and, in particular, houselessness and the voicelessness of the First Nations People in Canada. Equally an Anishinaabekwe artist, she works to raise awareness around the prejudice, violence, and attempted erasure of Indigenous North American civilisation. In 2005, she was the first Indigenous woman to stand for Canada at the Venice Biennale.

Louise Bourgeois

A person looks at Louise Bourgeois' Spider. Photograph Courtesy: Timothy A. Clary/AFP/Getty Images

While a prolific printmaker and painter, Louise Bourgeois is better known for her installation art and sculptures — like the spider above — which were inspired past her own experiences and memories. Throughout her career, she created revolutionary works during a fourth dimension when abstraction and conceptual art were the main styles shaping the art world.

Mickalene Thomas

Mickalene Thomas' A Niggling Sense of taste Outside of Love, 2007. Photograph Courtesy: Brooklyn Museum

Heavily influenced by pop culture and pop fine art, Mickalene Thomas often embellishes her paintings with rhinestones and uses colorful acrylic paints. In her work, Thomas centers Black American women, whom she believes embody power and femininity.

Judy Chicago

Judy Chicago's seminal work The Dinner Party. Photo Courtesy: Brooklyn Museum

Judy Chicago was i of the major figures within the early Feminist Art motion. As exemplified in her iconic work The Dinner Political party, her installation pieces often examine the role of women in history and culture — in the 1970s and before. While at California Country University in Fresno, Chicago founded the first feminist art program in the U.s..

Augusta Barbarous

Augusta Fell with one of her sculptures in the mid-1930s. Photo Courtesy: Andrew Herman/Athenaeum of American Art/Wikimedia Commons

Augusta Brutal was an American sculptor during the Harlem Renaissance who worked toward securing equal rights for Blackness Americans in the arts. In improver to creating breathtaking sculptures, often of Black folks, Vicious founded the Vicious Studio of Craft in Harlem in 1932, and, a few years later, she became the first Black American elected to the National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors in 1934.

Carolee Schneemann

Photograph Courtesy: Museum of Mod Art (MoMA)

Known for her provocative performance art practices, Carolee Schneemann is considered the progenitor of "body art". (Just expect up her most famous work, Interior Roll, and yous'll see what we mean.) She used her body to examine women's sensuality and liberation from the oppressive artful and social conventions established by our patriarchal society.

Nan Goldin

Nan Goldin'south Christmas on the Other Side, Boston, 1972. Photograph Courtesy: Wikimedia Commons

Famous for her in-the-moment photography, Nan Goldin'due south piece of work challenges traditional power relations. In addition to documenting New York City'due south queer subculture post-Stonewall, Goldin explored the HIV/AIDS crisis, opioid epidemic, and LGBTQ+ bodies.

Elaine Sturtevant

Warhol's Marilyn Monroe (1967) by Elaine Sturtevant. Photo Courtesy: Ben Stanstall/AFP/Getty Images

Does this look similar an Andy Warhol to you? Well, that's the idea! Elaine Sturtevant, who went by her last name professionally, was a conceptual artist known for her inexact replicas — that is, not-quite-right copies of big-proper noun artists' piece of work.

Some artists and critics encouraged her efforts, while others became quite angry. Nevertheless, Sturtevant used her works to explore the concepts of authorship, originality, and the construction of art culture.

Ruth Asawa

Various hanging sculptures by Ruth Asawa at the De Young Museum in San Francisco. Photo Courtesy: View Pictures/Universal Images Group/Getty Images

During the 1960s, Ruth Asawa created increasingly complex wire sculptures. A San Francisco-based artist, Asawa'southward concluding public commission was the Garden of Remembrance at San Francisco State University, which was created to recognize Japanese Americans who were interned during World State of war Two.

Catherine Opie

Catherine Opie attends the 2007 Guggenheim International Gala on Nov 8, 2007 in New York City. Photograph Courtesy: Shawn Ehlers/WireImage/Getty Images

Known for her studio, portrait, and landscape photography, Catherine Opie has been a lensman since the age of nine. She uses her photography to examine social norms, and, in doing then, displays various subcultures in formal portraits — but in a manner that conveys power and respect by evoking traditional Renaissance portraiture.

micha cárdenas

Still from Sin Sol (No Dominicus) VR game. Photo Courtesy: micha cárdenas/YouTube

micha cárdenas is an artist, author, theorist, and banana professor who won an Impact Award at the Indiecade Festival in 2020 and the Creative Award from the Gender Justice League in 2016. She believes pedagogy is the path to liberation and uses VR and art to address global issues such every bit racism, gendered violence, and climate change.

Lee Krasner

Lee Krasner: Living Color exhibition at Barbican Fine art Gallery on May 29, 2019 in London, England. Photograph Courtesy: Tristan Fewings/Getty Images for Barbican Art Gallery

Lee Krasner was an Abstract Expressionist painter who too specialized in collaging. Her works capture a spirit of relentless reinvention, from her Cubist drawings and assemblage to her portraits and murals for the Works Progress Administration (WPA).

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